Bible Glide

Proverbs 31 Summary, Context, and Full Chapter

Proverbs 31 opens with counsel from a mother to a king and ends with a vivid portrait of a woman of noble character. The chapter highlights restraint, justice, steady work, and faithful wisdom. It speaks to leadership, family life, and the lasting worth of fearing the Lord.

What happens in Proverbs 31?

The chapter begins with King Lemuel receiving his mother's instruction. She warns him against habits that weaken judgment and keep rulers from doing justice. He is urged to speak for the voiceless and defend the poor and needy. The chapter then presents an idealized picture of a woman of noble character. She is diligent, wise, generous, and capable in both home and business. Her work benefits her household and community, and the passage closes by praising inner godliness over outward charm.

Proverbs 31 concludes the book of Proverbs. Its opening section gives a mother's counsel to a king about character and justice, while the closing poem presents the value of wisdom lived out in daily life. Together they draw together many themes from the book: disciplined speech, careful leadership, practical skill, and reverence for the Lord.

  • Wise LeadershipRulers are called to self-control, clear judgment, and protection of those who have no advocate.
  • Diligent FaithfulnessThe noble woman is marked by hard work, planning, generosity, and care for her household.
  • Godly CharacterThe chapter teaches that true worth is seen in reverence for the Lord and in actions that bless others.
  • What does Lemuel's mother's advice say about the qualities needed for just leadership?
  • Which details in the portrait of the noble woman show wisdom in ordinary responsibilities?
  • Why does the chapter place greater value on fearing the Lord than on charm or outward beauty?

Read the full text of Proverbs 31 below, then open it in the reader to highlight, take notes, or ask follow-up Bible questions. No account is required to read.

Proverbs 31

The Sayings for King Lemuel

1These are the words of King Lemuel—the burden that his mother taught him:

2What shall I say, O my son?

What, O son of my womb?

What, O son of my vows?

3Do not spend your strength on women

or your vigor on those who ruin kings.

4It is not for kings, O Lemuel,

it is not for kings to drink wine,

or for rulers to crave strong drink,

5lest they drink and forget what is decreed,

depriving all the oppressed of justice.

6Give strong drink to one who is perishing,

and wine to the bitter in soul.

7Let him drink and forget his poverty,

and remember his misery no more.

8Open your mouth for those with no voice,

for the cause of all the dispossessed.

9Open your mouth, judge righteously,

and defend the cause of the poor and needy.

The Virtues of a Noble Woman

10A wife of noble character, who can find?

She is far more precious than rubies.

11The heart of her husband trusts in her,

and he lacks nothing of value.

12She brings him good and not harm

all the days of her life.

13She selects wool and flax

and works with eager hands.

14She is like the merchant ships,

bringing her food from afar.

15She rises while it is still night

to provide food for her household

and portions for her maidservants.

16She appraises a field and buys it;

from her earnings she plants a vineyard.

17She girds herself with strength

and shows that her arms are strong.

18She sees that her gain is good,

and her lamp is not extinguished at night.

19She stretches out her hands to the distaff

and grasps the spindle with her fingers.

20She opens her arms to the poor

and reaches out her hands to the needy.

21When it snows, she has no fear for her household,

for they are all clothed in scarlet.

22She makes coverings for her bed;

her clothing is fine linen and purple.

23Her husband is known at the city gate,

where he sits among the elders of the land.

24She makes linen garments and sells them;

she delivers sashes to the merchants.

25Strength and honor are her clothing,

and she can laugh at the days to come.

26She opens her mouth with wisdom,

and faithful instruction is on her tongue.

27She watches over the affairs of her household

and does not eat the bread of idleness.

28Her children rise up and call her blessed;

her husband praises her as well:

29“Many daughters have done noble things,

but you surpass them all!”

30Charm is deceptive and beauty is fleeting,

but a woman who fears the LORD is to be praised.

31Give her the fruit of her hands,

and let her works praise her at the gates.

Save notes and ask about Proverbs 31

Create a free account to keep highlights and notes across devices, or open Bible Glide Chat with this passage already attached.